同聲傳譯的方法主要是什么?

　　同聲傳譯的難度很大，優(yōu)秀的同聲傳譯員會(huì)在實(shí)踐中不斷積累與學(xué)習(xí)的，今天中譯翻譯公司給大家分享同聲傳譯的方法主要是什么?

　　Simultaneous interpretation is very difficult. Excellent simultaneous interpreters will continue to accumulate and learn in practice. What are the main methods of sharing simultaneous interpretation with you today?

　　1、順句驅(qū)動(dòng)

　　1. Sentence driven

　　順句驅(qū)動(dòng)，顧名思義就是在同傳過程中，譯員按聽到的原句的句子順序，把整個(gè)句子切成意群?jiǎn)挝换蛐畔挝唬偈褂眠B接詞把這些單位自然連接起來， 譯出整體的意思。

　　As the name suggests, the interpreter can cut the whole sentence into a group or unit of information in the simultaneous interpreting process, and then use the conjunction to connect the units naturally and translate the whole meaning.

　　在同聲傳譯中，譯員不像交替?zhèn)髯g中可以通過記憶或筆記的幫助展現(xiàn)一個(gè)完整的句子， 更不像筆譯中有充分的時(shí)間布局謀篇。同傳譯員在一聽到發(fā)言人講話開始就不得不張開嘴翻譯， 并且是在翻譯的同時(shí)還要記憶理解說話人的講話，因此如果不馬上把聽到的內(nèi)容用目的語表達(dá)出來， 就會(huì)給譯員的記憶帶來巨大的挑戰(zhàn)和壓力。因此順譯這種方法便非常值得提倡。但由于漢英兩種語言的截然不同，采取順句驅(qū)動(dòng)的方法時(shí)， 如果譯員只強(qiáng)調(diào)詞語的對(duì)應(yīng)，則聽眾會(huì)覺得譯文生澀難懂， 不易理解， 適當(dāng)?shù)奶钤~， 減詞， 斷句， 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換等筆譯中經(jīng)常用到的方法也需要適當(dāng)應(yīng)用。

　　In simultaneous interpretation, the translator is not like in consecutive interpretation, who can show a complete sentence with the help of memory or notes, let alone have sufficient time layout in translation. When interpreting a speaker's speech, a simultaneous interpreter will have to open his mouth to translate, and at the same time he must memorize and understand the speaker's speech. Therefore, if he does not immediately express the content he heard in his target language, it will bring enormous challenges and pressure to the memory of the interpreter. Therefore, this method is worth advocating. However, due to the difference between Chinese and English, if the translator only emphasizes the correspondence of words, the audience will feel that the translation is not easy to understand, and the methods often used in translation, such as filling in words, subtracting words, breaking sentences, and part of speech conversion, need to be applied properly.

　　2、補(bǔ)充法

　　2. Supplementary method

　　補(bǔ)充法就是譯員在同傳過程中通過增加一些輔助語詞使得句子更通順便于理解，比如中古的俗語有些只有三五個(gè)字，但是你無法只用三五個(gè)英文單詞表達(dá)清楚。中文重意合，英語重形合。由于語言之間的差別和說話的方式方法不同，同聲傳譯員在翻譯的時(shí)侯，需要補(bǔ)充一些信息。

　　The supplement is that the interpreter can make the sentence more fluent and easy to understand in the process of simultaneous interpreting, such as the medieval saying, there are only 35 words, but you can not express it clearly in 35 English words. Chinese emphasizes parataxis while English emphasizes hypotaxis. Due to the differences between languages and different ways of speaking, simultaneous interpreters need to add some information when translating.

　　3、重復(fù)法

　　3. Repetition method

　　由于英語句子的連接方式是通過連接詞，句子往往比較長(zhǎng)，更具包含性，邏輯嚴(yán)密，句子一層套一層。如果在同聲傳譯中，完全按照英語長(zhǎng)句的順序翻譯，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)一句定語特別長(zhǎng)或狀語特別長(zhǎng)的中文句子，這些句子在漢語中行不通。因?yàn)闈h語重意合，沒有那么多的連接詞，同時(shí)漢語短句較多，簡(jiǎn)潔富有彈性，比英語耐重復(fù)，這一特定彌補(bǔ)了短句在溝通和交流中的不足。因此重復(fù)法也是同聲傳譯經(jīng)常能夠用到的一種技巧。

　　Because English sentences are connected by conjunctions, sentences tend to be longer, more inclusive, and logical, one layer at a time. If in simultaneous interpretation, the translation is completely in accordance with the sequence of long English sentences, there will be a Chinese sentence with a very long attribute or an extremely long adverbial, which will not work in Chinese. Because Chinese emphasizes parataxis, there are not so many conjunctions, and there are many short sentences in Chinese, which are simple, flexible and more repeatable than in English, which makes up for the lack of short sentences in communication and communication. Therefore, repetition is also a common skill in simultaneous interpretation.

中譯國際翻譯（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.